MOUNTAIN BAMBOO
These are bamboo species from the higher elevations of the Andes,
Central America or the Himalayan regions of India and China. Many of
these species are fairly recent introductions and have not been trialed
in all areas of the USA. All seem to do quite well along the West
coast. Some do well in the Midwest and Middle Atlantic regions to New
England. They do not like the desert regions, Texas or deep South.
Consider not ordering these if warm summer nights are the norm. They do
not mind warm days but need cool nights. Trial at your own risk if you
are in the hot climates. See article,"Isolated Taxonomists Create
Multiple Bamboo Names" below. Note there have been several recent
(2005-2007) name changes! Cold temperature to 20 F in 2007 lowered some
"leaf kill" tolerances in new introductions.
Borinda albocera
(Yunnan 3)
A new introduction from Yunnan. Light green leaves and a very whitish
waxy culm gives this species the "blue" culm look. Nodes have a unique
soft rubbery ring around the ridge and culms with fine striated ridging
noticable to the touch. Striking upright
form. A large plant.
1/2 20' 1" 10 F 8-10
C
Borinda
angustissima (Fargesia angustissima)
Another favorite bamboo of the pandas. Small leaves and
purple culm sheaths give this clumper an attractive appearance. A tall
grower.
1/2 20' 1" 0
F 7-10 C
Borinda boliana
(syn.-"Himalayacalamus intermedius")/Giant Blue Bamboo
The original plant was collected in Sichuan, China but it
does not seem to fit any of the species described in China. It came
here via the Fuji Bamboo Gardens in Japan. Has pale blue culms. Our plants have been
in sporadic flowering for 7 years-thus we have seedlings. We seem
to have the only flowering one in the country. Reaches large size
quickly. It has become a personal favorite!
1/2 24' 1" 0
F 7-10 C
Borinda contracta
A bushy and fast growing new species from Yunnan.
1/2 15' 3/4" 15 F 8-10
C
Borinda fungosa
(syn. - Fargesia fungosa)
A recent introduction from the Chinese side of the Himalayas. Native
habitat would suggest good hardiness. Is used for weaving.
Beautiful against a dark background. Nice looking under trees. Rhizomes
have survived near zero temperatures of an occasional cold snap
however, the top was killed.
1/2 20' 1" 10
F 8-10 C
Borinda
lushuiensis (Yunnan 4)
Incredibly beautiful new ornamental from Yunnan. Long droopy
leaves, bluish culms and open form make this the landscaper's pick
under tall trees.
1/2 20' 1.5" 15
F 8-10 C
Borinda
papyrifera (KR 3968)
A large clumper similar to Borinda albocera. Markerd with vertical
striations on the culm. Lushly foliated with fresh green leaves. New
introduction.
1/2 26' 1.25"
10F 8-10 C
Borinda perlonga
(Yunnan 6)
Another excellent new ornamental for the landsaper's palette. Blue
culms, large and abundent leaves with arching and curling downward culm
tips.
1/2 20' 1.25" 15 F 8-10
C
Borinda
sp. 'Muliensis'
From Muli County in Sichuan, China. Broad leaved and may be deciduous
in the colder part of its range. Evergreen on the Pacific Coast where
it thrives.
1/2 10' .5" 10 F
8-10 C
Chimonocalamus
pallens
A new introduction from China a few years back via seed. New shoots
are very blue and covered by dark purple sheaths.
sun-1/2 25' 1 1/2"
10 F 8-10 C
Chusquea andina
'Blue Andes'
Small spiky blue leaves are unusual in bamboo. This species from the
treeline of the Chilean Andes may be one of the hardiest
of South American Bamboos.
sun 12' 1" 0 F 7-10 C
Chusquea circinata
Dark colored arching canes with whorls of small leaves.
Delicate looking.
sun-1/2 22' 1" 24
F 9-10 C
Chusquea
circinata 'Chiapas'
A smaller form from Chiapas, Mexico. Seed collected by Strybing
Arboretum from a roadside plant in the early 1990's resulted in fewer
than 100 seedlings. These have been dispersed around the West Coast.
The plant has been verified as Chusquea circinata by Dr. Lynn Clark
and Gilberto Cortés. Nice arching culms are segmented into
whorls of slightly larger leaves. In winter the new shoot tips and
leaves are
creamy colored.
1/2 10' 1/2" 24 F 9-10
Chusquea
coronalis
A tropical bamboo from Central America. Beautiful tiny leaves circle
the culm in umbrella-like whorls at the node.
sun 15' 3/4" 25
F 10 C
Chusquea culeou
A hardy Chilean bamboo popular in Europe for many years. Light colored
internodes with dark green nodes. Several varieties and
cultivars are available. Excellent wood with solid culms. Good for
building furniture, tool handles and hoop greenhouses.
sun-1/2 20' 1 1/4" 0
F 7-10 C
Chusquea culeou
'Argentina'
A hardy Argentinian species. These seedlings are longer branched than
their Chilean cousins. Sometimes identified as Chusquea argentina.
sun-1/2 15' 1 1/4" 0
F 7-10 C
Chusquea
culeou 'Caña Prieta' (syn.Chusquea nigricans)
Stiff dark green erect leaves on dark culms. Culms are dark enough to
be almost "Black". Grows naturally in bogs and wet areas.
May soon be called "cana prieta" in the trade.
sun-1/2 15' 1" 0
F 7-10 C
Chusquea
culeou 'Hillier's Form'
Leaves in whorls on short tough branches give this shrubby clumper and
interesting profile. May be some other species.
sun-1/2 8' 3/4" 0
F 7-10 C
Chusquea
cumingii
Cute but tough little mountain top bamboo from Southern Chile. Stiff,
tiny leaves are prickly feeling when touched. A very interesting and
lovely shrub bamboo. Cascades nicely on steep slopes.
sun 10' 3/4" 10
F 8-10 C
Chusquea foliosa
Beautiful long thin droopy leaves garnishing the trademark golden
internode/ green swollen nodes found in several species of Chusquea.
Pretty reddish new shoot.
1/2 20' 1 1/2" 24
F 9-10 C
Chusquea
gigantea - Demoly (incorrectly known as "breviglumis"
in the trade)(C. aff. culeou)
A nice hardy clumping bamboo from the cooler part of Chile and the
Andes Mountains. Grows in a stiff vase shape. New shoots
are shades of red or pink.
sun 25' 1 1/2" 0
F 7-10
Chusquea glauca
Probably the largest leaved Chuquea. Vining form in nature but upright
without support. Seeds came from plants collected in Mexico at 6000'
elevation. Seedlings are growing outdoors in Coastal Oregon.
1/2 10' 1/2" 20 F 9-10
Chusquea liebmannii
An arching form tropical bamboo from Southern Mexico to
Central America. The small diameter culms can go to incredible lengths
to reach the sunlight through under story plants. It has a bushier
habit in full sun. Good for wall plantings, espallier and a house plant.
sun 33' 1" 32
F 10 C
Chusquea
mimosa australis
From southern Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul at about 29 degrees S latitude.
It can withstand light frost, perhaps a bit more, heat tolerance may
not be as big a problem for this plant as for some other species of
Chusquea. The small leaves appear in tight whorls on burgandy to pink
culms culms and branches. A personal favorite!
1/2 15' 1" 20
F 9-10 C
Chusquea
pittieri
One of the largest Chusqueas. A vining habit that climbs up and hangs
down from trees. Personally used as a house plant with nice results.
1/2 50' 2" 24
F 9-10 C
Chusquea
sp. 'Chiconquiaco'
Collected along the roadside in 1999 high up in the cloud
forest of Veracrauz Mexico. This small leaved vining species is new
to horticulture. It is very happy growing on the Oregon Coast. It
is an unusual Chusquea with a spreading habit.
sun-1/2 10' 1/2" 20 F 9-10 R
Chusquea sp.
'Las Vigas'
Also collected in 1999, this species has large leavers and very pretty
rosy red new shoots and arching culms. It has a fairly vigorous
spreading and clambering habit.
sun-1/2 8' .5 20 F 9-10 R
Chusquea subtilis
Closely resmbles C. foliosa and much easier to grow. From 2000-2,600 m
elevation in Costa Rica. Very fine leaf blades on arching and curling
downward culms.
1/2 20' 1 1/2" 24
F 9-10 C
Chusquea sulcata
A pretty bamboo like C. foliosa. New and there are very few plants
available.
1/2 15' 1" 24 F 9-10 C
Chusquea
tenuis
Dark foliage like Chusquea culeou Caña Prieta. The leaves point
upward on shorter branches. Also carries these names: Chusquea
acuminata, C. culeou var. tenuis.
Sun-1/2 15' 1" 0 F C
Chusquea
tomentosa
A large, tall, vining habit bamboo with very long dark green leaves. It
has a very beautiful form. It looks beautiful in pots.
1/2 25' 1 1/2" 24
F 9-10 C
Chusquea
valdiviensis
Another climbing form of Chusquea that is from Chile. This is an
aggressive, hardy climber that goes to incredible lengths to get to the
light at tree top level. Too big for residential gardens.
sun 40' 1.5" 0
F 7-10 C
Drepanostachyum falcatum- BLUE BAMBOO - see Himalayacalamus
hookerianus
Drepanostachyum glomeratum - see Drepanostachyum
sengteeanum(Arundinaria falconeri, Himalayacalamus falconeri var.
glomerata ) -
Drepanostachyum hookerianum - STRIPED HIMALAYAN BAMBOO,
CANDY CANE BAMBOO - see Himalayacalamus
falconeri
'Damarapa'
Drepanostachyum
khasianum - KHASIA BAMBOO
The pretty purple noded culms bear big dark green leaves. The new culms
are dark green and covered with white powder. It has bigger leaves than
most of the Sino-Himalayans. Takes warmer climates than most Mountain
Bamboo. A classy looking plant.
1/2 16' 3/4" 20
F 9-10 C
Drepanostachyum
sengteeanum - formerly misnamed as Drepanostachyum glomeratum,
and Himalayacalamus falconeri var. glomerata ) -
A delicate clumper with airy leaves and easily seen culms. The culms
grow in a tight clump with nodding tips. Culm sheaths are mainly
glabrous, with a ring of hairs around the base. It is presently being
described by Dr.Chris Stapleton as a new species in honor of Dr. Seng
Tee Lee of Singapore who funded his post at Kew Gardens. A Himalayan
beauty from 1992 seedlings.
1/2 30' 1 1/4" 15
F 8-10 C
A nice looking bamboo of the Himalayas where it grows at elevations
over 6000 feet. Greener and bigger leaves than most fargesias. Takes
more sun. The name Fargesia
dracocephala has been in question for some time. Recently in 2006
the species was finally identified as Fargesia apicirubens (Stapleton)
1/2 10' 1/2" -10
F 6-10 C
Fargesia
apicirubens (F.
dracocephala) / 'White Dragon'
A selected seedling with white varigation on he leaves. The only
variegated Fargesia.
1/2 8' 1/2" -10
F 6-10 C
Fargesia crassinodus-see Thamnocalamus
crassinodus
Fargesia
murielae "SABE 939"
A hardy green bamboo from the Himalayas. 2003 seedlings
from a plant in Northern California. Leaves of the parent were
significantly
thicker than the standard form. Reported to be a different clone fromm
the
Sino-Himalayan Expedition of 1980.
1/2 15' 1/2" -20
F 5-10
Fargesia nitida
-
FOUNTAIN BAMBOO
The culms are mahogany colored with dark sheaths. The young culms are
covered with a bluish-white powder.
1/2 12' 1/2" -20
F 5-10 C
Fargesia nitida 'Eisenach'
A smaller form of the species. Tends to be more erect.
1/2 6' 1/4" -20
F 5-10 C
Fargesia
nitida 'Jiuzhaigou'
New intoduction with deicate leaves and finely colored burgundy culms.
1/2 12' 1/2" -20 F 5-10 C
Fargesia nitida 'Jiuzhaigou 2'
Similar to type species but more heat tolerant. It forms a more open
clump. New introduction.
1/2 12' .5" -20 F
5-10 C
Fargesia nitida 'Nymphenburg'
Strongly arched branches with narrow leaves.
1/2 12' 1/2" -20
F 5-10 C
Fargesia robusta
A strong, fast grower from elevations of over 8,000 feet in the
Himalayas. Excellent foliage with large leaves. Takes full sun better
than other Himalayans.
1/2 16' 1" -5
F 6-10 C
Fargesia robusta 'Wolong'
Similar growth habit as the species above. Much larger and
glossier leaves. Excellent as a showcase specimen.
Fargesia sp.
'Scabrida'
New introduction. Similar looking to Fargesia rufa wider spacing
between culms and more orangish culm sheaths.
1/2 14' 1/2" 0 F 7-10 C
Fargesia utilis
Native to elevations of 9,000 - 12,000 feet.
1/2 18' 3/4" 0
F 7-10 C
Himalayacalamus
asper (syn. "Neomicrocalamus microphyllus") - TIBETAN PRINCESS
BAMBOO
Thin dark burgundy culms ascend to whorls of long narrow delicate
leaves. The new shoots grow upright. Older, leaved culms may
hang out needing staking or pruning.
1/2 20' 1/2" 15
F 8-10 C
Himalayacalamus
falconeri
Seedlings of the green form. Fast growing plants. The leave are a
lighter green color but look similar to the Candy Cane variety.
Excellent form for the landscape.
1/2 30' 2" 15
F 8-10 C
Himalayacalamus
falconeri 'Damarapa' - syn. Drepanostachyum hookerianum - STRIPED
HIMALAYAN BAMBOO, CANDY CANE BAMBOO
A Himalayan bamboo of great beauty. Slender branched masses of leaves
born on culms striped in yellow, green and pink. An occasional cream
stripe on the leaves. Slimy culm sheaths when raining or damp in the
morning.
1/2 30' 2" 15
F 8-10 C
Himalayacalamus
hookerianus 'Teague's Blue' - syn. Drepanostachyum falcatum- BLUE BAMBOO
The new culms have a blue powder that makes them almost
look "blue" from a distance. As they age the culm colors vary from
burgandy, terra cotta to green. Used in basket weaving and as animal
fodder in the Himalayas.
1/2 20' 1" 20
F 9-10 C
"Neomicrocalamus microphyllus" see Himalayacalamus
asper
Rhipidocladum
racemiflorum
This is an incredibly beautiful vining bamboo from Mexico
and Central America. Small leaves on numerous branches form whorls
of pompoms well spaced on the culms. In full sun it may be covered
with minute leaves. In shade the pompom effect is more apparent.
1/2 20' 3/4" 25
F 9-10 C
Thamnocalamus
crassinodus
Smaller leaves and more delicate looking than the Fargesias. Grown in
the U.K. for many years.
1/2 18' 1" 0
F 7-10 C
Thamnocalamus
crassinodus 'Mendocino'
A new variety which found its way from a Himalayan trek to the West
Coast. Large very droopy blue-green leaves adorn culms with exagerated
knobby nodes.
1/2 18' 1" 0 F 7-10 C
Thamnocalamus
crassinodus 'Merlin'
Pretty, small leaves adorn large noded culms. Native to
the 10,000 foot level of the north-east Himalayas. Fast grower. I
like it.
1/2 18' 1" 0
F 7-10 C
Thamnocalamus
tessellatus - Bergbamboes
A native bamboo of So. Africa. Similar to Fargesia. Has
interesting looking culms. Grows in a slowly spreading clump.
1/2 16' 1" 0
F 7-10 C
| Isolated Taxonomists Create Multiple Bamboo Names The international system of naming plants is necessary to take
the confusion out of common plant names arising from language and
regional differences. International consensus has settled most plants
into fairly stable positions in plant classification systems so that
major changes are rarely necessary. However, botanists have often had trouble in assigning
scientific names to bamboos. Generally, the flowers are the most
important features that are used to classify plants. Similarities in
leaves, branching patterns, and other plant parts are not enough on
their own. Bamboo presents the enigmatic problem of long periods of time
between flowering periods and, often, subtle differences between
vegetative parts. A few bamboos are reported to flower almost annually,
like the plants we are used to, but most have long periods such as 30
to 120 years. Periods long enough to outlive the individual botanists!
Why bamboo suffers these long periods before attempting sexual
reproduction can only be answered by guess and theory. The lack of flowers has meant that bamboo taxonomy has lagged
far behind that of most other plants. Botanists working in isolation in
China, India, Japan, and the West have come up with widely differing
systems and names, often for the same bamboos. Geographic remoteness of
many bamboo rich areas such as the Himalayas and China has been
exacerbated by political problems between countries such as China,
India, and Japan over the last century. It is only recently that
botanists working in these countries have started to exchange material,
visits and opinions on a regular basis, so that a consensus can be
built. The American Bamboo Society has been instrumental in bringing
Western and Chinese bamboo enthusiasts together. Projects at Botanic
Gardens such as Missouri and Kew, and in Universities such as Iowa
State are also working towards closer collaboration. Joint fieldwork is
also being undertaken. As well as clarifying the names of some of the
presently cultivated bamboos, a spin-off from this work is the
discovery and introduction of many more garden-worthy Sino-Himalayan
bamboos. Unfortunately it is a general rule that the newer the bamboo
introduction, the less settled is the name, so expect a bumpy ride for
a while on several bamboo names. If you are interested in the Chusqueas we highly recommend you
purchase the book, American Bamboos (see bookstore). Many of the
species we carry are shown in beautiful color photographs. We would
also like to thank Dr. Lynn Clark of Iowa State University for her
continuing help with describing the species as they are introduced into
cultivation. For more information about the American Bamboo Society contact
Michael Bartholomew, 750 Krumkill Rd., Albany, NY 12203-5976. Phone:
(518) 458-7618. FAX: (518) 458-7625. E-mail: mab29@cornell.edu. Thanks
to Dr. Chris Stapleton of Royal Botanic Gardens Kew for help in
understanding the taxonomic puzzle. |
2)Full bamboo height in feet. 3)Full diameter in inches. 4)Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit where leaf kill may begin. Rhizomes may tolerate 10-15 degrees colder. 5)Recommended USDA Zones. 6)Running bamboo are designated with an R and clumping type spreaders with a C. |